India unveils repairability index framework to empower consumers and promote sustainable electronics

The Committee constituted for the Framework on Repairability Index (RI) in the Mobile and Electronics Sector has submitted its report to Smt. Nidhi Khare, Secretary, Department of Consumer Affairs (DoCA), Government of India.

The report outlines a comprehensive and industry-friendly framework designed to help consumers assess the ease of repairability of electronic products—beginning with smartphones and tablets. The proposed Repairability Index will be self-declared by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) based on a standard scoring system, with no additional compliance burden imposed on the industry.

Repairability score to empower informed buying

The committee has recommended that the Repairability Index be clearly displayed at the point of sale, on e-commerce platforms, and on product packaging through a QR code. This aims to help consumers make informed choices and promote mindful product usage over wasteful consumption.

The Repairability Index is a step towards building a transparent repair ecosystem, enabling consumers to extend the lifecycle of their devices through easier access to repair information and services. This aligns with the government’s broader vision of fostering a sustainable, self-reliant, and consumer-centric economy.

Why It Matters: Rising consumer grievances

Data from the National Consumer Helpline (NCH) revealed a steady rise in consumer complaints related to mobile and tablet repairs—from 19,057 in 2022-23 to 21,020 in 2023-24 and further up to 22,864 in 2024-25. These figures highlight the growing need for accessible, reliable, and transparent post-sale services.

Committee ocmposition and key focus areas

The committee was formed in September 2024 under the chairmanship of Shri Bharat Khera, Additional Secretary, DoCA. It included representatives from major OEMs like Apple, Samsung, Google, Vivo, HMD Mobiles, Dell, and HP; industry associations such as ICEA and MAIT; consumer groups like EPIC; academic experts; and officials from DoCA, MeitY, MSME, BIS, and NTH.

Smartphones and tablets have been selected as the initial product categories for implementation. The committee has identified key components prone to frequent failure, including:

• Battery
• Display assembly
• Back and front camera assemblies
• Charging port
• Mechanical buttons
• Speaker
• Microphones
• Hinges and fold mechanisms
• Audio connectors
• How the Index Works
• Repairability will be assessed based on six core parameters:
• Disassembly Depth
• Availability of Repair Information
• Spare Parts Availability
• Software Updates
• Tools Required

Types and availability of fasteners

Each parameter carries a specific weightage, and the final score is presented on a five-point scale to reflect overall repairability.

Building on the right to repair portal

The initiative builds on the Right to Repair Portal India, launched in 2022 by DoCA to make repair information accessible across four sectors: Automobiles, Mobile & Electronics, Consumer Durables, and Farming Equipment. Over 65 companies have already onboarded the platform.

A National Workshop held in August 2024 reaffirmed the need for a Repairability Index, with stakeholders agreeing that such a framework would enhance consumer choice and product longevity. As India deepens its digital penetration and more consumers across rural and urban areas rely on electronic devices, the emphasis on equitable repair options and robust after-sales service becomes increasingly critical.The submitted report marks a milestone in ensuring consumers are not left in the  dark post-purchase—and that repairing, not replacing, becomes the norm.